|
|
G. gallus
(Chicken)
|
C. reinhardtii
(Chlamydomonas)
|
F. rubripes
(Fugu)
|
|
Genome
|
|
|
|
|
haploid
chromosome #
|
38 (8 macro/30
micro)
|
17
|
|
|
Size
|
~1,200 Mb(
990Mb-210 Mb)
|
~100Mb
|
~400Mb
|
|
fraction
sequenced
|
<1%
|
~2%
|
~10,000 scanned;
0.5% sequenced
|
|
genes/ORFs
|
80,000 to 100,000
|
~10,000
|
|
|
cDNA/EST
sequence
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Characteristics
|
|
|
|
|
cellular
organization
|
complex multicellular
|
unicellular
|
complex
|
|
Ploidy
|
diploid
|
haploid (diploids
can be constructed)
|
diploid
|
|
generation
time
|
|
6 hrs to 8
hrs mitotic; 7 days full life cycle
|
not relevant
|
|
(egg->egg)
|
5 months
|
|
|
|
Cultivation
|
yes
|
simple, inexpensive
|
not relevant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfection/transgenic
|
Yes (retroviral)/
Yes (inefficiently)
|
yes
|
not relevant
|
|
gene inactivation
|
no
|
Transforming
DNA insertion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mutants
|
~250
|
~200 mapped
genetically; ~150 unmapped well characterized; ~1000 alleles; ~200
molecular markers mapped
|
not relevant;
21,000 species of teleost fish
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cell Culture
|
yes
|
yes
|
irrelevant
|
|
|
|
|
|
Storage
|
|
|
|
|
gametes
|
semen, yes
|
|
|
|
embryos
|
no (blastodisc-yes;
primordial germ cells-yes; ES cells-yes)
|
|
|
|
intact organisms
|
no
|
Intact organism
frozen or as dried zygotes
|
irrelevant
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
G.
gallus
|
C.
reinhardtii
|
F.
rubripes
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Special
Strengths
|
accessibility
of embryo for experimental manipulation (microsurgery or retroviral
delivery); availability; economical |
unicellular;
colonial relatives haploid; cloning by complementation feasible;
analysis of flagellum/basal body and chloroplast
|
No repetitive
DNA sequences; small introns; ~1 gene/6-7kb
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weaknesses
|
no
ESTs; no consolidated databases |
unicellular
but large genome size; no reliable homologous recombination for
nuclear genome
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Resources
|
mutant
stocks |
stock center
(www.botany.duke.edu/chlamy/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Databases
|
http://www.ri.bbsrc.ac.uk/chick
map; http://poultry.mph.msu.edu/mapsnew.html;
http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/poultry/;
http://www.zod.wau.nl/vf/chickensite/chicken.html;
http://tetra.gig.usda.gov:8400/chickgbase/manager.html;
Report by Genetic
Resource Conservation Program UC Davis (in press)
|
http://probe.nalusda.gov:8300/cgi-bin/browse/chlamydb
|
http://fugu.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk/
|
|
|
|
|
|
Community
|
|
|
|
|
# of labs
|
~200
(US) |
~400
|
~5
|
|
# of investigators
|
~800
|
~1,200
|
~20
|
|
|
|
|
|
References
|
Methods in
Avian Embryology (1996) M. Bronner-Fraser
Morgan, B.A.
and Fekete, D.M. (1996), Manipulating Gene Expression with Replication-competent
Retroviruses: Methods in Avian Embryology (1996)
M. Bronner-Fraser,
Ed.
Burt, D.W.,
and Cheng, H.H. (1998) The Chicken Gene Map, ILAR J. 38:229-236.
Smith, J. and
Burt, D.W. (1998) Parameters of the Chicken Genome (Gallus gallus)
Animal Genetics 29: 290-294. ed.
|
Dutcher, S.K.
(1995). Flagellar assembly in 250 easy-to-follow steps. Trends Genet.
11:398-404.
Harris, E.H.
(1989). The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook. A Comprehensive Guide to Biology
and Laboratory Use. San Diego: Academic Press.
Lefebvre, P.A.,
and C.D. Silflow (1999). Chlamydomonas: The cell and its genome.
Genetics 151: 9-14.
Rochaix, J.-D.,
M. Goldschmidt-Clermont and S. Merchant, eds. (1998). Molecular
Biology of Chlamydomonas: Chloroplasts and Mitochondria. Dordrecht:
Kluwer Academic Publishers.
|
See MEDLINE
Fugu
|
|
|
|
|
|
Information
Provided By:
|
P.
Goetinck |
U. Goodenough;
S. Dutcher;
P. Lefevbre;
E. Harris
|
S. Brenner
|
| 5/10/99
1:28 PM |
|
|
|
|
|